Evaluation of Bone Density Measurement in Type 2 Diabetic Postmenopausal Women with Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy postmenopausal women to BMD in type 2 diabetic hypertensive postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Fifty type 2 diabetic and hypertensive postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia and 51 age and body mass index (BMI) matched healthy postmenopausal women were included. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were noted in both groups. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium and phosphorous were also measured. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish the relationship between various clinical characteristics. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups in respect to lumbar and vertebral BMD values, age, BMI, gravidity, parity. Serum cholesterol and fasting glucose levels were significantly different between each groups (P = 0.0001, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: We found that, accompanying chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia don't affect the BMD measurements at postmenopausal period. So these postmenopausal women don't have excess risk regarding osteoporosis.

Efficacy of treatment with glucosamine sulfate in patients with knee effusion due to osteoarthritis

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of Glucosamine sulfate [GS] versus diclofenac sodium [DS] in effusion of osteoarthritic knees. In this study, patients were included in this study from 2007-2010 based on American College of Rheumatology criteria with OA and physical examination in effusion of osteoarthritic knees. The patients were divided into two groups. First group [27 patients] DS was given in doses 75 mg twice daily for ten day. In the group II [25 patients] GS was used in doses of 1500 mg two times daily over the first 12 weeks of the study. A closed aspiration was performed. The knee circumference was measured in patients before and 12 week after treatment. Before and after 12 weeks of treatments, both groups of patients were assessed according to the WOMAC questionnaire of knee pain and function scores. Comparison of knee mean circumference between the two groups was not statistically significant before treatment [p=0.938], but significant after treatment [p < 0.001]. At the end of the 12 week, there was 66.6% complete resolution of effusion in the DS group [18 patients] and 24.0% [6 patients] in the GS group, this was statistically significant [P < 0.001]. DS groups, results of the beginning and at the end of 12 week measurement showed significant differences in WOMAC pain mean score [P < 0.001] but GS groups not statistically significant [P=0.160]. The WOMAC function mean scores in pre and post-treatment periods of follow-up showed significant variation between the two groups [P < 0.001, P < 0.001]. Our observations suggest that GS is not able to suppress the progression of adjuvant arthritis in OA with effusion of knee osteoarthritis. GS should not be expected as anti-inflammatory influence as DF in the treatment of OA-related effusion